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基于Python在MacOS上安装robotframework-ride
Robotframework是一个框架，是一个可以用于关键字测试驱动的框架。而RIDE（robotframework-ride）就是可以使得写robot测试用例更加方便快捷的IDE图形操作工具。
安装
因为是基于python的，所以其可以运行在多个操作系统上。这里主要介绍一下RIDE在MacOS上的使用方式。
OS版本
MacOS版本：10.13.2
wxpython
由于RIDE是基于wxpython的应用，所以首先需要保证wxpython已经得到了安装。安装命令如下：
安装命令：brew install wxpython
安装日志
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ brew install wxpython
==> Installing dependencies for wxpython: gdbm, readline, sqlite, python@2, jpeg, libpng, libtiff, wxmac
==> Installing wxpython dependency: gdbm
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/gdbm-1.15.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring gdbm-1.15.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
? /usr/local/Cellar/gdbm/1.15: 19 files, 569.8KB
==> Installing wxpython dependency: readline
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/readline-7.0.3_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring readline-7.0.3_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides the BSD libedit library, which shadows libreadline.
In order to prevent conflicts when programs look for libreadline we are
defaulting this GNU Readline installation to keg-only.
For compilers to find this software you may need to set:
LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib
CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include
==> Summary
? /usr/local/Cellar/readline/7.0.3_1: 46 files, 1.5MB
==> Installing wxpython dependency: sqlite
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/sqlite-3.24.0.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring sqlite-3.24.0.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides an older sqlite3.
If you need to have this software first in your PATH run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
For compilers to find this software you may need to set:
LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib
CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include
For pkg-config to find this software you may need to set:
PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig
==> Summary
? /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.24.0: 11 files, 3.5MB
==> Installing wxpython dependency: python@2
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/python@2-2.7.15_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring python@2-2.7.15_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.15_1/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-mana
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.15_1/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-mana
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.15_1/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-mana
==> Caveats
Pip and setuptools have been installed. To update them
pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
You can install Python packages with
pip install
They will install into the site-package directory
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
See: http://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python
==> Summary
? /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.15_1: 4,673 files, 82.8MB
==> Installing wxpython dependency: jpeg
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/jpeg-9c.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
curl: (6) Could not resolve host: akamai.bintray.com
Error: Failed to download resource "jpeg"
Download failed: http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/jpeg-9c.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
Warning: Bottle installation failed: building from source.
==> Downloading http://www.ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v9c.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> ./configure --disable-silent-rules --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/jpeg/9c
==> make install
? /usr/local/Cellar/jpeg/9c: 21 files, 749.8KB, built in 33 seconds
==> Installing wxpython dependency: libpng
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libpng-1.6.34.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
curl: (6) Could not resolve host: akamai.bintray.com
Error: Failed to download resource "libpng"
Download failed: http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libpng-1.6.34.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
Warning: Bottle installation failed: building from source.
==> Downloading http://downloads.sourceforge.net/libpng/libpng-1.6.34.tar.xz
==> Downloading from http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/libpng16/1.6.34/libpng-1.6.34.tar.xz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> ./configure --disable-silent-rules --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.34
==> make
==> make test
==> make install
? /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.34: 26 files, 1.2MB, built in 1 minute 38 seconds
==> Installing wxpython dependency: libtiff
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libtiff-4.0.9_3.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
curl: (6) Could not resolve host: akamai.bintray.com
Error: Failed to download resource "libtiff"
Download failed: http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libtiff-4.0.9_3.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
Warning: Bottle installation failed: building from source.
==> Downloading http://download.osgeo.org/libtiff/tiff-4.0.9.tar.gz
curl: (28) Resolving timed out after 5551 milliseconds
Trying a mirror...
==> Downloading http://fossies.org/linux/misc/tiff-4.0.9.tar.gz
######################### 34.8%
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian/pool/main/t/tiff/tiff_4.0.9-5.debian.tar.xz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Patching
==> Applying patches/CVE-2017-9935.patch
patching file libtiff/tif_dir.c
patching file tools/tiff2pdf.c
==> Applying patches/CVE-2017-18013.patch
patching file libtiff/tif_print.c
==> Applying patches/CVE-2018-5784.patch
patching file contrib/addtiffo/tif_overview.c
patching file tools/tiff2pdf.c
patching file tools/tiffcrop.c
==> Applying patches/CVE-2017-11613_part1.patch
patching file libtiff/tif_dirread.c
==> Applying patches/CVE-2017-11613_part2.patch
patching file libtiff/tif_dirread.c
==> Applying patches/CVE-2018-7456.patch
patching file libtiff/tif_dirread.c
patching file libtiff/tif_print.c
==> Applying patches/CVE-2017-17095.patch
patching file tools/pal2rgb.c
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.9_3 --without-x --with-jpeg-include-dir=/usr/local/opt/jpeg/include --with-jpeg-
==> make install
? /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.9_3: 246 files, 3.5MB, built in 5 minutes 10 seconds
==> Installing wxpython dependency: wxmac
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/wxmac-3.0.4.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring wxmac-3.0.4.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
? /usr/local/Cellar/wxmac/3.0.4: 810 files, 23.7MB
==> Installing wxpython
==> Downloading http://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/wxpython-3.0.2.0_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring wxpython-3.0.2.0_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
? /usr/local/Cellar/wxpython/3.0.2.0_1: 1,108 files, 37.9MB
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
版本确认
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ brew info wxpython
wxpython: stable 3.0.2.0 (bottled)
Python bindings for wxWidgets
http://www.wxwidgets.org/
/usr/local/Cellar/wxpython/3.0.2.0_1 (1,115 files, 39.9MB) *
Poured from bottle on 2018-06-19 at 15:52:25
From: http://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/wxpython.rb
==> Dependencies
Required: python@2 ✔, wxmac ✔
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
暂定对应1：wxpython安装之后，目前的版本还缺少一个软连接才能正常动作，根据日志可以看到此次安装的wxpython版本为wxpython-3.0.2.0_1, 按照如下操作创建软连接即可
创建链接
liumiaocn:bin liumiao$ pwd
/usr/local/bin
liumiaocn:bin liumiao$ ls wx
ls: wx: No such file or directory
liumiaocn:bin liumiao$ ln -s ../Cellar/wxpython/3.0.2.0_1/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wx-3.0-osx_cocoa/wx wx
liumiaocn:bin liumiao$
确认方式
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ python -c "import wx; print wx.VERSION"
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wx-3.0-osx_cocoa/wx/_core.py:16633: UserWarning: wxPython/wxWidgets release number mismatch
warnings.warn("wxPython/wxWidgets release number mismatch")
(3, 0, 2, 0, '')
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
虽然仍然提示warning信息，但是已经能够正常继续动作了。
安装robotframework-ride
使用pip安装robotframework-ride, 安装命令如下
安装命令：pip install robotframework-ride
启动确认
通过ride.py启动RIDE，当前版本出现了如下错误信息
liumiaocn:bin liumiao$ ride.py
Wrong wxPython version.
You need to install wxPython 2.8.12.1 with unicode support to run RIDE.
wxPython 2.8.12.1 can be downloaded from http://sourceforge.net/projects/wxpython/files/wxPython/2.8.12.1/
liumiaocn:bin liumiao$
原因确认：经过定位代码中错误出现的位置，确认到如下文件：
liumiaocn:local liumiao$ find . -name '*.py' |xargs grep 'You need to install wxPython'
./lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py:You need to install wxPython 2.8.12.1 with unicode support to run RIDE.
liumiaocn:local liumiao$ view ./lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py
liumiaocn:local liumiao$ grep supported_versions ./lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py
supported_versions = ["2.8"]
supported_versions.append("2.9")
wxversion.select(supported_versions)
liumiaocn:local liumiao$
对应方法1：直接将支持的版本号修改为当前的版本
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ diff /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py.org
37,38c37
< #supported_versions = ["2.8"]
< supported_versions = ["3.0.2.0"]
---
> supported_versions = ["2.8"]
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
对应方法2：添加supported_versions
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ diff /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/robotide/__init__.py.org
44d43
< supported_versions.append("3.0.2.0")
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
实际上在如下行添加了对当前版本的支持
try:
import wxversion
from wxversion import VersionError
if sys.platform == 'darwin':
supported_versions.append("2.9")
supported_versions.append("3.0.2.0")
wxversion.select(supported_versions)
import wx
安装robotframework
使用pip install robotramework进行robotframework的安装
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ pip install robotframework
Collecting robotframework
Downloading http://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/95/b1/4faa12e1950b9fbd00060c112fa6f828c4f3998e9b2f8c570c22db10bc88/robotframework-3.0.4.tar.gz (443kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 450kB 34kB/s
Building wheels for collected packages: robotframework
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for robotframework ... done
Stored in directory: /Users/liumiao/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/8a/01/4a/fd9aef57cca0087d0bd5ceba5db39247ef375fdc4df5ebfb59
Successfully built robotframework
Installing collected packages: robotframework
Successfully installed robotframework-3.0.4
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
启动RIDE
在命令行输入ride.py并回车，便可启动RIDE
安装pygments
Text Edit的tab提示需要安装高亮显示用的包pygments
使用pip install pygments进行安装
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ pip install pygments
Collecting pygments
Downloading http://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/02/ee/b6e02dc6529e82b75bb06823ff7d005b141037cb1416b10c6f00fc419dca/Pygments-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (841kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 849kB 1.9MB/s
Installing collected packages: pygments
Successfully installed pygments-2.2.0
liumiaocn:~ liumiao$
再次启动ride.py，已经可以正常动作了。
总结
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