flask入门之文件上传与邮件发送示例


            文件上传邮件发送



一、原生文件上传



form.html







  <img src="{{ url_for('static',filename='img/17.jpg') }}" width="300" alt="">

  <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">

    <p>修改头像 <input type="file" name="file"></p>

    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>

  </form>



manage.py







#文件上传的视图函数

@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])

def icon():

  img_name = None

  if request.method == 'POST' and 'file' in request.files:

    # return '有文件上传了'

    file = request.files.get('file')

    filename = file.filename #拿到文件名称

    #图片上传保存的路径

    imgPath = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'static/upload/'+filename)

    file.save(imgPath)

    img_name = filename

  return render_template('user/change_icon.html',img_name=img_name)





使用wtf和bootstrap渲染文件上传







from flask import Flask,render_template,request

from flask_script import Manager

from flask_wtf import FlaskForm

from flask_wtf.file import FileField,FileAllowed,FileRequired

from wtforms import SubmitField

from flask_uploads import UploadSet,patch_request_class,configure_uploads,IMAGES

from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap

import os

from PIL import Image



app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64

app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcdef'

app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')

bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)

file = UploadSet('photos',IMAGES)

configure_uploads(app,file)

patch_request_class(app,size=None)

manager = Manager(app)



#自定义一个文件上传的表单类

class File(FlaskForm):

  photos = FileField('修改头像',validators=[FileRequired(message='文件不能为空'),FileAllowed(file,message='该文件类型不允许上传')])

  submit = SubmitField('提交')



@app.route('/')

def index():

  return render_template('index.html')



#生成随机的图片名称

def random_name(suffix,length=32):

  import string,random

  myStr = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'

  return ''.join(random.choice(myStr) for i in range(length))+suffix



@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])

def icon():

  form = File()

  img_url = None

  if form.validate_on_submit():

    data = request.files.get('photos')

    suffix = os.path.splitext(data.filename)[-1]

    newName = random_name(suffix)

    file.save(data,name=newName)

    img_url = file.url(newName)



    img = Image.open(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],newName))

    print(img.size) # 获取图片大小

    # 设置尺寸

    img.thumbnail((128, 128)) # 当前缩放不是等比缩放 变成等比缩放

    img.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],'s_'+newName))

  return render_template('user/wtf-uplods.html',form=form,img_url=img_url)



if __name__ == '__main__':

  manager.run()







模板中的代码







from flask import Flask,render_template,request

from flask_script import Manager

from flask_wtf import FlaskForm

from flask_wtf.file import FileField,FileAllowed,FileRequired

from wtforms import SubmitField

from flask_uploads import UploadSet,patch_request_class,configure_uploads,IMAGES

from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap

import os

from PIL import Image



app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64

app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcdef'

app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')

bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)

file = UploadSet('photos',IMAGES)

configure_uploads(app,file)

patch_request_class(app,size=None)

manager = Manager(app)



#自定义一个文件上传的表单类

class File(FlaskForm):

  photos = FileField('修改头像',validators=[FileRequired(message='文件不能为空'),FileAllowed(file,message='该文件类型不允许上传')])

  submit = SubmitField('提交')



@app.route('/')

def index():

  return render_template('index.html')



#生成随机的图片名称

def random_name(suffix,length=32):

  import string,random

  myStr = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'

  return ''.join(random.choice(myStr) for i in range(length))+suffix



@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])

def icon():

  form = File()

  img_url = None

  if form.validate_on_submit():

    data = request.files.get('photos')

    suffix = os.path.splitext(data.filename)[-1]

    newName = random_name(suffix)

    file.save(data,name=newName)

    img_url = file.url(newName)



    img = Image.open(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],newName))

    print(img.size) # 获取图片大小

    # 设置尺寸

    img.thumbnail((128, 128)) # 当前缩放不是等比缩放 变成等比缩放

    img.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],'s_'+newName))

  return render_template('user/wtf-uplods.html',form=form,img_url=img_url)



if __name__ == '__main__':

  manager.run()







二、发送邮件 flask-mail







pip install flask-mail



设置临时环境变量



windows set 名=值

Ubuntu下 export 名=值



注意： 名和值都不用加引号

单线程发送邮件







from flask import Flask,render_template

from flask_script import Manager

from flask_mail import Mail,Message

import os



app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com'

# 为了保密 将邮箱账号和授权码都加入到了临时环境变量中

app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')

app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')



mail = Mail(app)

manager = Manager(app)



@app.route('/send_mail/')

def send_mail():

  msg = Message(subject='大郎',recipients=['793390457@qq.com'],sender=app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'])

  msg.html = render_template('email/activate.html',username='大郎')

  mail.send(message=msg)

  return '发送邮件'



if __name__ == '__main__':

  manager.run()







异步发送邮件







from flask import Flask,render_template

from flask_script import Manager

from flask_mail import Mail,Message

import os

from threading import Thread



app = Flask(__name__)

app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com'

app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')

app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')



mail = Mail(app)

manager = Manager(app)



@app.route('/send_mail/')

def send_mail():

  msg = Message(subject='大郎',recipients=['793390457@qq.com'],sender=app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'])

  msg.html = render_template('email/activate.html',username='大郎')

  thr = Thread(target=async_send_mail,args=(msg,)) #创建线程 参数1为创建子线程 参数2为传递参数 类型为元组

  thr.start() #开启线程

  return '发送邮件'



def async_send_mail(msg):

  #开启程序上下文 把当前请求 作为同一个请求

  with app.app_context():

    mail.send(message=msg)



if __name__ == '__main__':

  manager.run()







以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持中文源码网。