PHP中创建和编辑Excel表格的方法


						要使用纯PHP创建或编辑Excel电子表格，我们将使用PHPExcel库，它可以读写许多电子表格格式，包括xls，xlsx，ods和csv。在我们继续之前，仔细检查您的服务器上是否有PHP 5.2或更高版本以及安装了以下PHP扩展：php_zip，php_xml和php_gd2。

创建电子表格



创建电子表格是PHP应用程序中最常见的用例之一，用于将数据导出到Excel电子表格。查看以下代码，了解如何使用PHPExcel创建示例Excel电子表格：





// Include PHPExcel library and create its object

require('PHPExcel.php');



$phpExcel = new PHPExcel;



// Set default font to Arial

$phpExcel->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setName('Arial');



// Set default font size to 12

$phpExcel->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setSize(12);



// Set spreadsheet properties – title, creator and description

$phpExcel ->getProperties()->setTitle("Product list");

$phpExcel ->getProperties()->setCreator("Voja Janjic");

$phpExcel ->getProperties()->setDescription("PHP Excel spreadsheet testing.");



// Create the PHPExcel spreadsheet writer object

// We will create xlsx file (Excel 2007 and above)

$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($phpExcel, "Excel2007");



// When creating the writer object, the first sheet is also created

// We will get the already created sheet

$sheet = $phpExcel ->getActiveSheet();



// Set sheet title

$sheet->setTitle('My product list');



// Create spreadsheet header

$sheet ->getCell('A1')->setValue('Product');

$sheet ->getCell('B1')->setValue('Quanity');

$sheet ->getCell('C1')->setValue('Price');



// Make the header text bold and larger

$sheet->getStyle('A1:D1')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setSize(14);



// Insert product data





// Autosize the columns

$sheet->getColumnDimension('A')->setAutoSize(true);

$sheet->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);

$sheet->getColumnDimension('C')->setAutoSize(true);



// Save the spreadsheet

$writer->save('products.xlsx');







如果要下载电子表格而不是将其保存到服务器，请执行以下操作：





header('Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel');

header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="file.xlsx"');

header('Cache-Control: max-age=0');

$writer->save('php://output');





编辑现有电子表格



在PHP中编辑电子表格与创建电子表格类似：





// Include PHPExcel library and create its object

require('PHPExcel.php');



// Load an existing spreadsheet

$phpExcel = PHPExcel_IOFactory::load('products.xlsx');



// Get the first sheet

$sheet = $phpExcel ->getActiveSheet();



// Remove 2 rows starting from the row 2

$sheet ->removeRow(2,2);



// Insert one new row before row 2

$sheet->insertNewRowBefore(2, 1);



// Create the PHPExcel spreadsheet writer object

// We will create xlsx file (Excel 2007 and above)

$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($phpExcel, "Excel2007");



// Save the spreadsheet

$writer->save('products.xlsx');







准备电子表格进行打印



要准备电子表格进行打印，我们将设置纸张方向，尺寸和边距：





$sheet->getPageSetup()->setOrientation(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);

$sheet -> getPageSetup()->setPaperSize(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::PAPERSIZE_A4); 

$sheet->getPageMargins()->setTop(1);

$sheet ->getPageMargins()->setRight(0.75);

$sheet ->getPageMargins()->setLeft(0.75);

$sheet ->getPageMargins()->setBottom(1);





将PHPExcel与Laravel一起使用



PHPExcel库也可以在Laravel框架中使用。查看以下PHP包（此处）并通过Composer安装它。完成安装步骤后，您可以使用以下代码将数据从数据库导出到Excel电子表格中：





Excel::create('Products', function($excel) {



        // Set the title

        $excel->setTitle('Product list');

  

        // Set the creator

        $excel->setCreator('Voja Janjic');

  

        // Set description

        $excel->setDescription('PHP Excel spreadsheet testing');

  

        $excel->sheet('Products', function($sheet) {

   

                // Get data from the database

                $products = Product::all(); 

  

                // Generate header row

                $sheet->row(1, array(

                        'ID',

                        'Product',

                        'Price',

                        'Quantity',     

                ));

  

                // Generate data rows 

                $i = 2; 

                foreach($products as $product) {    

                        $sheet->row($i, array(

                                   $product->product_id,

                                   $product->product_name,

                                   $product->price,

                                   $variety->quantity,    

                        ));

   

                        $i++;

                }



        });



})->export('xlsx');