详解python实现读取邮件数据并下载附件的实例


            详解python实现读取邮件数据并下载附件的实例

实现结果图：



实现代码：





#!/usr/bin/python2.7

# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_



"""

@Author: MarkLiu

"""



import poplib

import email

from email.parser import Parser

from email.header import decode_header

from email.utils import parseaddr





def decode_str(s):

  value, charset = decode_header(s)[0]

  if charset:

    value = value.decode(charset)

  return value





def guess_charset(msg):

  # 先从msg对象获取编码:

  charset = msg.get_charset()

  if charset is None:

    # 如果获取不到，再从Content-Type字段获取:

    content_type = msg.get('Content-Type', '').lower()

    pos = content_type.find('charset=')

    if pos >= 0:

      charset = content_type[pos + 8:].strip()

  return charset





def get_email_headers(msg):

  # 邮件的From, To, Subject存在于根对象上:

  headers = {}

  for header in ['From', 'To', 'Subject', 'Date']:

    value = msg.get(header, '')

    if value:

      if header == 'Date':

        headers['date'] = value

      if header == 'Subject':

        # 需要解码Subject字符串:

        subject = decode_str(value)

        headers['subject'] = subject

      else:

        # 需要解码Email地址:

        hdr, addr = parseaddr(value)

        name = decode_str(hdr)

        value = u'%s <%s>' % (name, addr)

        if header == 'From':

          from_address = value

          headers['from'] = from_address

        else:

          to_address = value

          headers['to'] = to_address

  content_type = msg.get_content_type()

  print 'head content_type: ', content_type

  return headers





# indent用于缩进显示:

def get_email_cntent(message, base_save_path):

  j = 0

  content = ''

  attachment_files = []

  for part in message.walk():

    j = j + 1

    file_name = part.get_filename()

    contentType = part.get_content_type()

    # 保存附件

    if file_name: # Attachment

      # Decode filename

      h = email.Header.Header(file_name)

      dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)

      filename = dh[0][0]

      if dh[0][1]: # 如果包含编码的格式，则按照该格式解码

        filename = unicode(filename, dh[0][1])

        filename = filename.encode("utf-8")

      data = part.get_payload(decode=True)

      att_file = open(base_save_path + filename, 'wb')

      attachment_files.append(filename)

      att_file.write(data)

      att_file.close()

    elif contentType == 'text/plain' or contentType == 'text/html':

      # 保存正文

      data = part.get_payload(decode=True)

      charset = guess_charset(part)

      if charset:

        charset = charset.strip().split(';')[0]

        print 'charset:', charset

        data = data.decode(charset)

      content = data

  return content, attachment_files





if __name__ == '__main__':

  # 输入邮件地址, 口令和POP3服务器地址:

  emailaddress = 'xxxxxx@163.com'

  # 注意使用开通POP，SMTP等的授权码

  password = 'xxxxxx'

  pop3_server = 'pop.163.com'



  # 连接到POP3服务器:

  server = poplib.POP3(pop3_server)

  # 可以打开或关闭调试信息:

  # server.set_debuglevel(1)

  # POP3服务器的欢迎文字:

  print server.getwelcome()

  # 身份认证:

  server.user(emailaddress)

  server.pass_(password)

  # stat()返回邮件数量和占用空间:

  messagesCount, messagesSize = server.stat()

  print 'messagesCount:', messagesCount

  print 'messagesSize:', messagesSize

  # list()返回所有邮件的编号:

  resp, mails, octets = server.list()

  print '------ resp ------'

  print resp # +OK 46 964346 响应的状态 邮件数量 邮件占用的空间大小

  print '------ mails ------'

  print mails # 所有邮件的编号及大小的编号list，['1 2211', '2 29908', ...]

  print '------ octets ------'

  print octets



  # 获取最新一封邮件, 注意索引号从1开始:

  length = len(mails)

  for i in range(length):

    resp, lines, octets = server.retr(i + 1)

    # lines存储了邮件的原始文本的每一行,

    # 可以获得整个邮件的原始文本:

    msg_content = '\n'.join(lines)

    # 把邮件内容解析为Message对象：

    msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content)



    # 但是这个Message对象本身可能是一个MIMEMultipart对象，即包含嵌套的其他MIMEBase对象，

    # 嵌套可能还不止一层。所以我们要递归地打印出Message对象的层次结构：

    print '---------- 解析之后 ----------'

    base_save_path = '/media/markliu/Entertainment/email_attachments/'

    msg_headers = get_email_headers(msg)

    content, attachment_files = get_email_cntent(msg, base_save_path)



    print 'subject:', msg_headers['subject']

    print 'from_address:', msg_headers['from']

    print 'to_address:', msg_headers['to']

    print 'date:', msg_headers['date']

    print 'content:', content

    print 'attachment_files: ', attachment_files



  # 关闭连接:

  server.quit()



以上就是python读取邮件并下载邮件附件的实例，如有疑问请留言或者到本站社区交流讨论，感谢阅读，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢大家对本站的支持！